In fact, most of the Johnny Cash story is just that-a story. True, years ago he had a “drug habit”for a short time. He“popped”pills. But he never used heroin or other“hard”drugs. Sometimes he’d go wild and get locked up for a few hours. But he never served a prison sentence. There’s no Indian blood in his veins. He’s been a killer only in song. As for the“bullet hole”， it’s an old scar left by a doctor who opened a cyst（囊肿）。
People who know Johnny Cash well say he’s a “gentle guy”， a “generous guy” -anything but a “tough guy”。How did the stories get started? Some of them, like the story about the“Indian grandmother”， he made up long ago to add excitement to his career. Others, like the“bullet hole”， simply got started. Now there’s little the singer can do to change people’s minds.“They just want to believe it,”he says.
40.Johnny Cash is a favourite of many
A.opera loversB.country music fans
C.hard-rock fansD.jazz music lovers
41.In truth, Johnny Cash
A.invented the“Indian grandmother”B.used to kill rabbits for a living
C.had a bullet hole on his cheekD.served a long prison sentence
42.In his private life, Johnny Cash is
A.much wilder than he looksB.much smaller than he is on stage
C.much tougher than he is in publicD.much more gentle than most people suppose
43.The passage shows us that many people believe
A.only what they seeB.what they are sure is true
C.only what they hearD.what they find interesting
C.
It doesn’t matter how clever you are or how much education you’ve had, you can still improve your mind. And improving your intelligence quotient（IQ） doesn’t have to mean studying hard. There are many methods that can help your brain. Here are three of them, from the British science magazine New Scientist.
Working memory
IQ is not decided by genetics. Some methods can help increase it.
Why: Until recently, a person’s IQ was thought to be determined by genetics. But recent studies suggest that a basic brain function called working memory could increase one’s IQ. Working memory is the brain’s short-term storage system. The amount of information the working memory can hold is related to general intelligence.
How: Training helps us expand the working memory. Common training tasks include: doing math questions that have intermediate（中间的） steps; remembering the position of objects on a map; or remembering a string of digits（数字）， like a phone number, without writing it down.
Body and mind
Physical exercise can help the brain as well as the body. It’s good for those who hate studying hard.
Why: Physical exercise helps the growth of new brain cells. Until recently, it was believed that we produced no new brain cells in our lifetime. But, in 2000, US scientist Fred Gage showed that even adults could grow new brain cells. He also found that exercise was one of the best ways to achieve this.
How: Simply walking for half an hour three times a week can improve learning, concentration and reasoning by 15 percent. Even more gentle exercise like yoga can do good for your brain. A study last year showed that the best way to get a mental lift is to bend over backwards.
The Mozart effect
Music may tune up your thinking. But simply turning up the sound won’t make you clever.
Why: American scientist Frances Rauscher made waves by discovering in 1995 that listening to Mozart improved people’s mathematical reasoning. Last year, Rauscher reported that Mozart’s music seemed to increase activity in genes involved in nerve-cell signaling in the brain.
How: Listening to Mozart and taking music lessons. Music lessons can really help. Six-year-old children who were given music lessons got a 2 -to 3-point increase in IQ scores. Music lessons exercise a lot of mental skills, because of the need of accurate finger movements, and listening for rhythm.
44. If you don’t like to study hard, you’d better ______ to improve your IQ.
A. listen to music B. learn how to concentrate
C. bend over backwards regularly D. try some physical exercise
45. The underlined word “this” refers to _____.
A. the improvement of one’s IQ B. the growth of new brain cells
C. physical exercise D. the study of Fred Gage
46. From the article we can conclude that it is wrong to think that _____.
A. listening to Mozart improves people’s mathematical reasoning
B. people can not produce new brain cells as they grow older
C. children taking music lessons can increase their IQ scores
D. Frances Rausher suggests people listen to Mozart
47. The main purpose of the passage is to _____.
A. point out people’s wrong ideas about IQ
B. report some new discoveries
C. introduce some simple ways to improve people’s IQ
D. tell the relationship between IQ and ways of exercising
D.
Memory
What is your earliest childhood memory? Can you remember learning to walk? Or talk? The first time you watched a television programme? Adults seldom call back events much earlier than the year or so before entering school, just as children younger than three or four seldom remember any specific, personal experiences.
A variety of explanations have been suggested by psychologists （心理学家） for this “childhood amnesia”。 Now Annette Simms, a psychologist of Riverdale University, offers a new explanation for childhood amnesia. According to Dr. Simms, children need to learn to use someone else’s spoken description of their personal experiences in order to turn their own short-term, fast forgotten impressions of them into long-term memories. In other words, children have to talk about their experiences and hear others talk about them. Without this verbal reinforcement （语言强化）， children cannot form permanent memories of what they have experienced.
So why should personal memories depend so heavily on hearing them described? Dr. Simms presents evidence that the human mind organizes memories in that way. Children whose mothers talk with them about the day’s activities before bedtime tend to remember more of the day’s special event than those whose mothers don’t. Talking about an event in this way helps a child to remember it. And learning to organize memories as a continuous story is the key to a permanent mental “autobiography （自传）” of important life events. Dr. Simms suggests that we humans may be biologically programmed to turn our life experiences into a novel.
The key to creating this mental life story is language, says Dr. Simms. “Children learn to talk about the past,” she says. “Talking to others about their short-term memories of the past leads to the establishment （建立） of long-term memories.” One way it does this is by helping a child to recognize that the retelling of an experience is just the experience itself, recreated in the form of words. The child learns that this “word-description” of an experience can then be stored in the memory and called back at any time. But a child’s language skills are usually not ready for this until the age of three or four, so they have no way to remember the earliest of their experiences.
+《新高一分班考试题：英语检测试卷》相关文章
- › 新高一分班考试题：英语检测试卷
- 在百度中搜索相关文章：新高一分班考试题：英语检测试卷