高二英语期末测试及答案

标签：高二英语,http://www.gaofen123.com 高二英语期末测试及答案,

　　42. They give their pets injections before keeping them at their houses because ____.

　　A. the pets are sick　                    　 B. the pets are wild

　　C. they want to stop them from getting sick　 　 D. they want them to sleep on the way home

　　43. In Canada, children leave their parents when they grow up because ____.

　　A. they don't love their parents any more　　B. they can only find jobs far from their parents

　　C. their parents’ houses are too small 　　  D. they wouldn't depend on their parents any more

　　44. Which of the following is TRUE？

　　A. People buy animal food only at the animal food stores.　　B. Pets eat better than people.

　　C. Almost every family has a birdcage in his house. D. Any bird can come to the bird feeders to eat.

　　45. What does the underlined expression “get run over ” mean?

　　A. managed   B. be crashed   C. competed    D. in charge of

　　C．

　　For some time past it has been widely accepted that babies and other creatures learn to do things because certain acts lead to "rewards"; and there is no reason to doubt that this is true. But it used also to be widely believed that effective rewards, at least in the early stages, had to be directly related to such basic physiological(生理的) "drives" as thirst or hunger. In other words, a baby would learn if he got food or drink or some sort of physical comfort, not otherwise.

　　It is now clear that this is not so. Babies will learn to behave in ways that produce results with no reward except the successful outcome.

　　Papousek began his studies by using milk in the normal way to "reward" the babies and so teach them to carry out some simple movements, such as turning the head to one side or the other. Then he noticed that a baby who had had enough to drink would refuse the milk but would still go on making the learned response with clear signs of pleasure. So he began to study the children's responses in situations where no milk was provided. He quickly found that children as young as four months would learn to turn their heads to right or left if the movement "switched on"a display of lights（开灯）-and indeed that they were capable of learning quite complex turns to bring about this result, for instance, two left or two right, or even to make as many.as three turns to one side.

　　Papousek's light display was placed directly in front of the babies and he made the interesting observation that sometimes they would not turn back to watch the lights closely although they would " smile and bubble" when the display came on. Papousek concluded that it was not primarily the sight of the lights which pleased them, it was the success they were achieving in solving the problem, in mastering the skill, and that there exists a basic human urge to make sense of the world and bring it under intentional control.

　　46. According to the author, babies learn to do things which______.

　　A. are directly related to pleasure       B. will meet their physical needs

　　C. will bring them a feeling of success   D. will satisfy their curiosity

　　47. Papousek noticed in his studies that a baby______.

　　A. would make learned responses when it saw the milk

　　B. would carry out learned movements when it had enough to drink

　　C. would continue the simple movements without being given milk

　　D. would turn its head to right or left when it had enough to drink

　　48. In Papousek's experiment babies make learned movements of the head in order to

　　A. have the lights turned on       B. be rewarded with milk

　　C. please their parents           D. be praised

　　49. The babies would "smile and bubble" at the lights because______.

　　A. the lights were directly related to some basic "drives"

　　B. the sight of the lights was interesting

　　C. they need not turn back to watch the lights

　　D. they succeeded in "switching on" the lights

　　50. According to Papousek, the pleasure babies get in achieving something is a reflection of______.

　　A. a basic human desire to understand and control the world

　　B. the satisfaction of certain physiological needs

　　C. their strong desire to solve complex problems

　　D. a fundamental human urge to display their learned skills

　　D

　　It is doing something better than other people that makes us unique. Yet a surprising number of people still see individuality as a surface thing. They wear bright clothes, dye（染色） their hair strange colors and decorate their skin with tattoos (文身) to make some kind of social statement.

　　The whole purpose of individuality is excellence. The people who comprehend the simple principle of being unique through performance make our entire political and economic system work. Those who invent, who improve, who know more about a subject than other people do, and who take something that doesn't work and make it work-these people are the very soul of capitalism.

　　Charles Kettering didn't like the idea of cranking（手摇启动） a car to make it start, so he invented the electric starter. Henry Ford figured out the assembly-line technique and made it possible to mass-produce automobiles. Lewis Waterman saw no need to go on dipping a pen into an inkwell, so he put the ink into the pen. George Westinghouse told the world how to stop a train, and Elisha Otis, inventor of the elevator, indirectly created the city skyline. These people understood that individualism means working at the top of one's capacity（能力）.

　　Fortunately, enough Americans have been inspired to do something with their uniqueness that we have developed in less than three centuries from a frontier outpost into not only a country of freedom but a country strong enough to protect that freedom. These people prized the notions of individuality and excellence above all things and thus kept the great machine functioning. The ones with the purple hair and the horrible jewelry are just along for the ride, trying to be "different" and not knowing how to go about it.

　　The student who earns A's on his report card has grasped the idea and has found the real meaning of individuality. So has the youngster who has designed his own spaceship, who paints pictures of the world around him, or who can name all the states and their capitals.

　　51. According to the author unique individuals are those who______.

　　A. do something better than other people　　B. know more about a subject than other people

　　C. excel others in work　　              D. all of the above

　　52. People who regard individuality as a surface thing always do the following EXCEPT

　　A. wearing bright clothes         B. coloring their hair

　　C. doing better than others        D. decorating their skin with tattoos

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TAG:高二英语