英语写作中出现的成分残缺错误

误：His written English is good, but not good at spoken English.

正：His written English is good, but his spoken English is not good.

正：He is good at written English, but not good at spoken English.

析：误句中 but 后的句子缺适当的主语，因为 good at spoken English 的主语应是“他”，而不是 his written English。

2. 英语很有趣，我的确很喜欢。

误：English is very interesting, and I really like very much.

正：English is very interesting, and I really like it very much.

析：like 是及物动词，其后通常应有宾语。

3. 别怕，我们会帮你的。

误：Don’t afraid; we’ll help you.

正：Don’t be afraid; we’ll help you.

析：误句谓语不完整，因为 afraid 是形容词，不是动词，不能单独作谓语，必须和连系动词一起构成谓语。当然，若说成 Don’t fear，则完全可以。

4.住在我隔壁的李明是个医生。

误：Li Ming, lives next to me, is a doctor.

正：Li Ming, who lives next to me, is a doctor.

正：Li Ming, living next to me, is a doctor.

析：误句中定语成分不完整。定语从句是一个完整的句子，当先行词指人且关系代词在从句中作主语时要用that或who。也可用现在分词短语作后置定语。

5.你介意我问你一个问题吗?

误：Do you mind I ask you a question?

正：Do you mind if I ask you a question?

正：Do you mind my asking you a question?

析：误句中的主句和从句之间缺少连接词。也可以用动名词短语作mind的宾语。

6. 他考试及格了使他妈妈很高兴。

误：He passed the exam made his mother very happy.

正：That he passed the exam made his mother very happy.

正：He passed the exam, which made his mother very happy.

析：误句中的主语应该是由主语从句来承担的。that引导主语从句，不做成分，无实际意义，但不能省略。也可以用非限定性定语从句。