(20) that women were by nature skillful at detailed tasks and patient in carrying out repetitive chores; the mill owners thus imported into the new industrial order hoary stereotypes associated with the homemaking activities they presumed to have been the purview of women. because 本文共10页: 第 [9] [10] 页 www.gaofen123.com
(25) women accepted the more unattractive new industrial tasks more readily than did men, such jobs came to be regarded as female jobs. and employers, who assumed that women s "real" aspirations were for marriage and family life. declined to pay women wagesmensurate with those of
(30) men. thus many lowr-skilled. lower-paid, less secure jobs came to be perceived as "female".
more remarkable than the origin has been the persistence of such sex segregation in twentieth-century industry. once an occupation came to be perceived as "female", employers
(35) showed surprisingly little interest in changing that perception even when higher profits beckoned. and despite the urgent need of the united states during the second world war to mobilize its human resources fully job segregation by set characterized even the most important
(40) war industries, moreover once the war ended, employers quickly returned to men most of the "male" jobs that women had been permitted to matter.
1. according to the passage, job segregation by sex in the united states was
(a) greatly dlmlalahed by labor mobillzatlon during the second world war
(b) perpetuated by those textile-mill owners who argued in favor of women s employment in wage labor
(c) one means by which women achieved greater job security
(d) reluctantly challenged by employers except when the sconomic advantages were obvious
(e) a constant source of labor unrest in the young textile industry
2. according to the passage, historians of women s labor focused on factory work as a more promising area of research than service-sector work because factory work
(a) involved the payment of higher wages
(b) required skill in detailed tasks
(c) was as umed to be less characterized by sex segregation
(d) was more readily accepted by women than by men
(e) fitted the economie dynamie of industrialism better
3. it can be inferred from the passage that early historians of women s labor in the united states paid little attention to women s employment in the dervice sector of the economy because
(a) the extreme variety of these occupations made it very difficult to assemble meaningful statisties about them
(b) fewer women found employment in the service sector than in factory work
(c) the wages paid to workers in the service sector were much lower than those paid in the industrial sector
(d) women s employment in the service sector tended to be much more short- term than in factory work
(e) employment in the service sector seemed to have much inmon with the unpaid work associated with homemaking
4. the passage supports which of the following statements about the early mill owners mentioned in the second paragraph?
(a) they hoped that by creating relatively unatractive "female" jobs they would discourage women from losing interest in marriage and family life
(b) they sought to increase the size of the available labor force as a means to keep men s wages low.
(c) they argued that women were inherently suited to do well in particular kinds of factory work.
(d) they thought that factory work bettered the condition of women by emancipating them from dependence on ie earned by men.
(e) they felt guilty about disturbing the traditional division of labor in the family.
5. it can be inferred from the passage that the "unfinished revolution" the author mentions in line 13 refers to the
(a) entr of women into the industrial labor market
(b) recognition that work done by women as homemakers should be pensated at ratesparable to those prevailing in the service sector of the economy 本文共10页: 第 [9] [10] 页 www.gaofen123.com
(c) development of a new definition of feminimity unrelated to the economic forces of industrialism
(d) introduction of equal pay for equal work is all professions
(e) emancipation of women wage earners from gender-determined job allocation
6. the passage support which of the following? statements about hiring policies in the united states?
(a) after a crisis many formerly "male" jobs are reclassified as "female" jobs
(b) industrial employers generally prefer to hire women with previous expcrience as homemakers
(c) post-second world war hiring policies caused women to lose many of their wartime gains in employment opportunity.
(d) even war industries during the second world war were teluctant to hlte women for factory work
(e) the service sector of the economy has proved more nearly gender-blind in its hiring policies than has the manufacturing sector.
7. which of the following words best expresses the opinion of the author of the passage concerning the notion that women are more skillful than men in carrying out detailed tasks?
(a)"patient" (line 21)
(b) "repetitive" (line 21)
(c) "hoary" (line 22)
(d) "homemaking" (line 23)
(e) "purview" (line 24)
8. which of the following best describes the relationship of the final paragraph to the passage as a whole?
(a) the central idea is reinforced by the citation of evidence drawn from twentieth-century history
(b) the central idea is restated in such a way as to form a transition to a new topic for discussion.
(c) the central idea is restated and juxtaposed with evidence that might appear to contradict it.
(d) a partial exception to the generalizations of the central idea is dismissed as unimportant.
(e) recent history is cited to suggest that the central idea s validity is gradually diminishing.
according to a recent theory. archcan-age gold-quartz vein systems were formed over two billion years ago from magmatie fluids that originated from molten granitelike
line bodies deep beneath the surface of the earth. this theory is
(5) contrary to the widely held view that the systems were deposited from metamorphie fluids, that is from fluids that formed during the dehydration of wet sedimentary rocks.
the recently developed theory has considerable practical importance. most of the gold deposits discovered during
(10) the original gold rushes were exposed at the earth s surface and were found because they had shed trails of alluvial gold that were easily traced by simple prospecting methods, although these same methxxls atill lead to an occamional discovery, most deposits not yet discovered have gone
(15) undetected because they are buried and have no surface expression.
the challenge in exploration is therefore to unravel the subsurface geology of an area and pinpoint the position of buried minerals.methods widely used today include
(20) analysis of aerial images that yield a broadgeological overview geophysical techniques that provide data on the maic, electrical, and mineralogical properties of the rocks being investigated; and sensitive chemical tests that are able to detect the subtle chemical halos that often
(25) envelop mineralization. however, none of any value if the sites to which they are applied have never mineralized, and to maximize the chances of discovery the explorer must therefore pay particular attention to selecting the ground formations most
(30) likely to be mineralized such ground selection relies to varying degrees on conceptual models, which take into account theoretical studies of relevant factors. 本文共10页: 第 [9] [10] 页 www.gaofen123.com
(2) the car was sold for $11,080, which was 12.5 percent more than the cost to the dealer.
2. if p, q, x, y, and z are different positive integers, which of the five integers is the median?
(1) p+x
3. a certain employee is paid $6 per hour for an 8-hour workday. if the employee is paid 1times thie rate for time worked in excess of 8 hours during a single day, how many hours did the employee work today?
(1) the employee was paid $18 more for hours worked today than for hours worked yesterday.
(2) yesterday the employee worked 8 hours.
4. if n is a member of the set{33, 36, 38, 39, 41, 42},
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