2008年12月大学英语新四级(CET4)模拟试题及答案(1)

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　　学生会邀请了来自某大学的李教授作一个关于计算机人工智能的演讲。作为主持人，你在演讲前作一个开场白。请写一份简明的欢迎词。(1. 简明介绍演讲者;2. 计算机人工智能的作用;3. 表示欢迎等)

　　

　　proposing the landfill

　　for a landfill to be built, the operators have to make sure that they follow certain steps. in most parts of the world, there are regulations that govern where a landfill can be placed and how it can operate. the whole process begins with someone proposing the landfill. in the united states, taking care of trash and building landfills are local government responsibilities. before a city or other authority can build a landfill, an environment impact

　　study must be done on the proposed site to determine:

　　n the area of land necessary for the landfill

　　n theposition of the underlying soil and bedrock

　　n the flow of surface water over the site

　　n the impact of the proposed landfill on the local environment and wildlife

　　n the historical value of the proposed site

　　building the landfill

　　once the environmental impact study isplete, the permits are granted and the funds have been raised, then construction begins. first, access roads to the landfill site must be built if they do not already exist. there roads will be used by construction equipment, sanitation (环卫) services and the general public. after roads have been built, digging can begin. in the north wake country landfill, the landfill began 10 feet below the road surface.

　　what happens to trash in a landfill?

　　trash put in a landfill will stay there for a very long time. inside a landfill, there is little oxygen and little moisture. under these conditions, trash does not break down very rapidly. in fact, when old landfills have been dug up or sampled, 40-year-old newspapers have been found with easily readable print. landfills are not designed to break down trash, merely to bury it. when a landfill closes, the site, especially the groundwater, must be monitored and maintained for up to 30 years!

　　how is a landfill operated?

　　a landfill, such as the north wake county landfill, must be open and available every day. customers are typically municipalities and constructionpanies, although residents may also use the landfill. near the entrance of the landfill is a recycling center where residents can drop off recyclable materials (aluminum cans, glass bottles, newspapers and paper products). this helps to reduce the amount of material in the landfill. some of these materials are banned from landfills by law because they can be recycled. 　as customers enter the site, their trucks are weighed at the scale house. customers are charged tipping fees for using the site. the tipping fees vary from $10 to $40 per ton. these fees are used to pay for operation costs. the north wake county landfill has an operating budget of approximately $4.5 million, and part of thates from tipping fees.

　　along the site, there are drop-off stations for materials that are not wanted or legally banned by the landfill. a multi-material drop-off station is used for tires, motor oil, lead-acid batteries. some of these materials can be recycled.

　　in addition, there is a household hazardous waste drop-off station for chemicals (paints, pesticides, other chemicals) that are banned from the landfill. these chemicals are disposed of by privatepanies. some paints can be recycled and some organic chemicals can be burned in furnaces or power plants.

　　other structures alongside the landfill are the borrowed area that supplies the soil for the landfill, the runoff collection pond and methane (甲烷) station.

　　landfills areplicated structures that, when properly designed and managed, serve an important purpose. in the future, new technologies called bioreactors will be used to speed the breakdown of trash in landfills and produce more methane.

　　注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答;8-10题在答题卡1上。

　　1. the passage gives a general description of the structure and use of a landfill.

　　2. most of the trash that americans generate ends up in landfills.

　　3.pared with other major industrialized countries, america buries a much higher percentage of its solid waste in landfills.

　　4. landfills are likepost piles in that they speed up dposition of the buried trash.

　　5. in most countries the selection of a landfill site is governed by rules and regulations.

　　6. in the united states the building of landfills is the job of both federal and local governments.

　　7. hazardous wastes have to be treated before being dumped into landfills.

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　　section b

　　directions: in this section, you will hear 3 short passages. at the end of each passage,you will hear some questions. both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. after you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked a), b), c) and d). then mark the corresponding letter on answer sheet 2 with a single line through the center.

　　注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

　　passage one

　　questions 26 to 28 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

　　26. a) synthetic fuel. c) alcohol.
　　b) solar energy. d) electricity.

　　27. a) air traffic conditions. c) road conditions.
　　b) traffic jams on highways. d) new traffic rules.

　　28. a) go through a health check. c) arrive early for boarding.
　　b) take little luggage with them. d) undergo security checks.

　　passage two

　　questions 29 to 31 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

　　29. a) beauty. c) luck.
　　b) loyalty. d) durability.

　　30. a) he wanted to follow the tradition of his country.
　　b) he believed that it symbolized an everlasting marriage.
　　c) it was through that a blood vessel in that finger led directly to the heart.
　　d) it was supposed that the diamond on that finger would bring good luck.

　　31. a) the two people can learn about each other’s likes and dislikes.
　　b) the two people can have time to decide if they are a good match.
　　c) the two people can have time to shop for their new home.
　　d) the two people can earn enough money for their wedding.

　　passage three

　　questions 32 to 35 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

　　32. a) because there are no signs to direct them.
　　b) because no tour guides are available.
　　c) because all the buildings in the city look alike.
　　d) because the university is everywhere in the city.

　　33. a) they set their own exams.
　　b) they select their own students.
　　c) they award their own degrees.
　　d) they organize their own laboratory work.

　　34. a) most of them have a long history.
　　b) many of them are specialized libraries.
　　c) they house more books than any other university library.
　　d) they each have a copy of every book published in britain.

　　35. a) very few of them are engaged in research.
　　b) they were not awarded degree until 1948.
　　c) they have outnumbered male students.
　　d) they were not treated equally until 1881.

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　　section c

　　directions: in this section, you will hear a passage three times. when the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. when the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. for blanks numbered from 44 t0 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. for these blanks ,you can either use the exact words you hove just heard or write down the main points in your own words . finally, when the passage is read for the third time ,you should check what you have written.

　　注意：此部分试题在答题卡2上;请在答题卡2上作答。

　　

　　注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

　　a) wonder 　i)hid
　　b) acquired 　j)prominent
　　c) consistently 　k)decent
　　d) regained　l)countless
　　e) nightmare　m)recalled
　　f) native　n)breakthrough
　　g) acceptance 　o)automatically
　　h) effective

　　section b

　　directions :there are 2passages in this section .each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statement. for each of them there are four choices marked a),b),c),d). you should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on answer sheet 2 with a single line through the center.

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